In 2013 Alex Speier wrote a lengthy piece on Red Sox ownership
which is a fascinating read. Here is a lengthy excerpt.
HOW DECISIONS ARE MADE: WHERE ARE THE OWNERS INVOLVED?
At an operational level, one can characterize six different levels of decisions in the organization, some of which require ownership input, some of which do not.
First level: A decision that can be implemented without further discussion with bosses. For instance, the hiring of someone in ticket sales won't be vetted through Henry or Werner. The Red Sox can implement such a hire without ownership involvement.
Second level: A decision about which owners are told as a kind of fait accompli. For instance, if there is a sponsorship agreement negotiated by Kennedy, he will tell Henry, Werner and Lucchino, though their input won't be necessary.
Third level: A decision about which owners are informed and given a heads-up before it is finalized. A lower-level trade, for instance, might feature an opportunity for ownership consent and input before it is finalized. Still, this might be an area of limited input.
Fourth level: A decision on which the owners' opinions will be sought at the outset before moving forward. For instance, ticket pricing decisions necessarily will involve ownership feedback at the outset (rather than a rubber stamp) before moving forward.
Fifth level: Collaboration and involvement from the outset. The trade between the Red Sox and Dodgers last August represented a notable and significant demonstration of such a case. The conversation started between Dodgers president Stan Kasten and his Red Sox peer, Lucchino. From the outset, and throughout the entirety of the deal, it necessarily involved not only the entire baseball operations department but also the full attention of the ownership group.
Sixth level: Ownership suggest or initiates a program for the club and the front office executes it. Often times, these ownership-directed programs (in the case of the Red Sox) will relate to charitable undertakings, such as Werner's Run to Home Base. The instances of ownership-mandated baseball operations decisions are virtually non-existent. Indeed, the instances of owner fiat are virtually non-existent, in part because of the philosophical commitment on the part of the organization to collaboration and consensus-building.
A few years ago, the book "The Wisdom of Crowds" circulated through all levels of the organization to underscore the notion that widespread, rigorous debate among many people with different perspectives yields demonstrably better outcomes than decisions made with a narrower input base. Virtually all of the decision-makers in the Sox -- from the owners to the staffers in various departments -- embrace that vision.
And so, there are rarely mandates. There are ideas put forth, but there's an expectation that people will be open to changing their mind based on dialogue with colleagues. Perhaps that explains why there are rarely dictates emanating from Henry or Werner. The emphasis is more often on dialogue than commands.
Lucchino characterized the function of the Red Sox ownership group as one of offering "advice and consent," though with the caveat that such a default role on questions facing the organization "does not preclude the occasional suggestion or question or exploration." It's a model that the owners view as having been the basis for considerable success over the first eight seasons of their tenure, and one that they believe can continue to work going forward.